Ankara is Turkey’s capital and second-largest city, with roughly 5.9 million people in the province/municipality area. Set in central Anatolia, it has ancient roots under names such as Ancyra, but its modern identity was shaped by the Turkish Republic, when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk made it the national capital in 1923. Unlike Istanbul’s imperial waterfront character, Ankara is known for government, universities, embassies and broad republican-era boulevards. Key sights include Anıtkabir, the monumental mausoleum of Atatürk, the old citadel area above Ulus, the Museum of Anatolian Civilizations, Kocatepe Mosque and the cafés and bars of Kızılay and Çankaya. Getting in and around is straightforward via Ankara Esenboğa Airport, the high-speed rail station and the city’s metro, bus and dolmuş network.

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