Brisbane is the capital and largest city of Queensland, Australia, with around 1.38 million people in the city council area and 2.83 million across Greater Brisbane, making it Australia’s third-largest metropolitan area. Located along the Brisbane River near Moreton Bay, the modern city began as a British penal settlement in 1825, following the relocation of the original Moreton Bay colony from nearby Redcliffe. Brisbane became Queensland’s capital when the colony separated from New South Wales in 1859 and subsequently developed into a major commercial and cultural centre. Its best-known landmarks include the Story Bridge, South Bank Parklands, City Hall and the riverside Kangaroo Point Cliffs, while Mount Coot-tha provides panoramic views across the city. Fortitude Valley is particularly associated with nightlife and live music, with numerous bars, clubs and concert venues. Brisbane also has a notable heavy metal history, having produced experimental death metal band Portal, formed in 1994, and progressive metal group Caligula’s Horse, established in 2011.

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