Dresden is the capital of Saxony in eastern Germany, with around 572,000 people. First documented in 1206 and recognised as a town by 1216, it later became the residence of the rulers of Saxony and developed into one of Central Europe’s major centres of Baroque art and architecture, particularly under Augustus the Strong in the early 18th century. Much of the historic centre was destroyed during Allied bombing in February 1945, when up to 25,000 people were killed, but many of its most important buildings have since been reconstructed. Major landmarks include the Frauenkirche, rebuilt and reopened in 2005, the Zwinger palace complex, the Semperoper, Dresden Castle and the Brühl’s Terrace overlooking the River Elbe. The compact Altstadt contains most of the principal historic sights, while Neustadt on the opposite bank is known for bars, restaurants, alternative culture and nightlife.

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